Mencius, whose name was Ke, is a prominent Confucian thinker from the Warring States period, revered as the “Second Sage.” He inherited and expanded upon the ideas of Confucius, emphasizing the significance of benevolence and morality, and has had a lasting impact on Chinese culture and philosophy. Mencius’s teachings not only shaped the core of Confucian thought but also serve as a foundational element of ancient Chinese political and social philosophy.